The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.